Konnichiwa (good day/hello)
Konbanwa (good evening)
Shitsurei shimasu (goodbye)
Oyasumi nasai (good night)
wa = as for..., regarding...
eg.
Maiku san wa Amerikajin desu. (Mike is an American)
Yokohama Gakuin Kōkō wa ōkii desu. (Yokohama High School is big)
kore = this/these things near me
sore = that/those things near you
are = that/those things over there, away from both of us
dore = which one
eg.
Kore wa atarashii purintā desu ka. (Is this a new printer?)
Neruson san no sūtsukēsu wa kore desu ka. (Your suitcase, Mr. Nelson - is it this one?)
koko = here near me
soko = there near you
asoko = over there, away from both of us
doko = where
(use verb "arimasu"(to be/exist) and "ni"(at/in) follows the word or phrase showing the place where something exists)
eg.
Kyō no shinbun wa koko ni arimasu. (Today's newspapers are over here)
Denwa wa soko ni arimasu. Dōzo. (The telephone's there. Please)
arimasu vs desu = be/be located/exist
(desu is used when one thing is, or equals, another)
eg.
Koko wa Yokohama eki desu. (This is Yokohama station)
Neruson san wa atarashii sensei desu. (Mr. Nelson is a new teacher)
(arimasu is used to describe the location of something)
eg.
Daigaku wa Ōsaka ni arimasu. (My university is (located) in Osaka)
Ogawa san no kaisha wa Tōkyō ni arimasu. (Mr. Ogawa's company is (located) in Tokyo.
eg.
Ginkō wa doko desu ka. = Ginkō wa doko ni arimasu ka. (Where's the bank?)
(arimasu as "have")
eg.
Denwa wa arimasu ka.
Iie, arimasen./Hai, arimasu.
ja arimasen = isn't/aren't; negative of desu
eg.
Amerikajin ja arimasen. Ingirisujin desu. (I'm not American. I'm British)
Sensei ja arimasen. Jimu no hito desu. (I'm not a teacher. I am an office worker)
Ōkii kōkō ja arimasen. (It's not a big high school)
Saitō san no desu = It's Ms. Saito's
eg.
Kaisha no kuruma desu. (It's company's car)
Dare no desu ka. (Whose is it?)
Atarashii no wa arimasu ka. (Do you have a new one?)
you/yours = anata
eg.
Neruson san no tsukue wa soko ni arimasu. (Your desk is there)
Kore wa Neruson san no shinbun desu ka. (Is this your newspaper?)
Vocabulary
anata : you
are : that over there
arimasen : there isn't/aren't, don't have
arimasu : be/exist/there is/are/have
asoko : over there
atarashii : new
daigaku : university
dare : who?
denwa : telephone
doko : where?
dore : which one?
dōzo yoroshiku : happy to meet you
eki : train station
ginkō : bank
hito : person, people
Igirisu : England
Igirisujin : an English
ja arimasen : isn't/aren't
jimu : office work
jimu no hito : office worker, clerk
kara : from
kochira : this person
koko : here
konbanwa : good evening
konnichiwa : good day, hello
konpyūtā : computer
kore : this
kyō : today
mina san : everyone
ni : in, at
ohayō gozaimasu : good morning
ōkii : big
oyasumi nasai : good night
pāto : part-time worker
purintā : printer
sensei : teacher, professor, doctor
shinbun : newspapers
shitsurei shimasu : excuse me, goodbye
soko : there
sore : that
tsukue : desk
uchi : house, home
wa
wakarimasu : I don't know, I don't understand
yoroshiku onegai shimasu : pleased to meet you
Quoted from Berlitz Essential Japanese
0 comments: on "Japanese Lesson #4"
Post a Comment